Abstract
Endovascular treatment of varicose veins has displaced classical surgery. This type of approach can be performed using different minimally invasive techniques that eliminate reflux in the trunk and in its main branches, destroying the venous wall. These techniques are classified into 3 groups: thermal ablation, chemical ablation and mixed tech-niques. The main objective of this work was to review the scientific evidence that supports these techniques. As a secondary objective, summarize the advantages, disadvantages and complications of each of them. A bibliographic search was conducted in Medes, Medline, The Cochrane Library and EMBASE.
Until more conclusive evidence is obtained, it seems that both conventional and endovascular surgical techniques have application in the treatment of varicose veins, but the choice of the specific technique to be used will depend on the anatomical characteristics of the veins and other subjective aspects as the experience of the surgical team or the preferences of the patient. In case of recurrence, the recommended technique is sclerotherapy with ultrasound guided foam. No endovascular treatment requires hospital admission because it does not require general anesthesia. Other advantages of these techniques include the few postoperative complications, as well as a rapid recovery and therefore a rapid incorporation into daily life.
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